Apparatus for heating water



(No Model.)

- R. P. BARNSTBAD. APPARATUS FOR HEATING-WATER.

Witu esss'.

UNITE STATES.

Arn'rrfr ROBERT P. BARNSTEAD, ()l BOSTON, MriSSACllUSE'lflS, ASSIGNOR,BY DIRECT AXD MESN I ASslGi-MENTS, OF PART TO RUFUS ll. SPA-LDING, OFSAME PLACE, AND JOllX f. lllTLLARD, OF CAMBRIDG l, MASSACHUSETTS.

APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER.

SPEGIFICATlON forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,022, dated February19, 1889.

A lication f l d February 18, 1888. Serial No. 264,636. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT P. BARNSTEAD, of the city of Boston, in thecounty of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,- have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Water, of which thefollowing is afull, clear,and exact description.

This improved apparatus for heating water in substance consists of aboiler of suita- IO ble construction closed on all sides, apipe suitablyconnected with a water-supply under pressure to enter and deliver waterintd.

the boiler at its lower portion, a pipe which leads from the upperportion of the water of the boiler and makes when opened the hotwaterdischarge, and a pipe in communication with this discharge-pipe toeonduct,when the discharge-pipe is closed, the water passing through itback into the water of the boiler, and the whole so as to produce anautomatic circulation of the water of the boiler through said dischargeand return pipes, and all, as well known, in combination with agasburner or such like to heat the water of the boiler undercirculation, as stated, and connected to a suitable gas-supply, anexpanding and contracting valve in the form of a column of mercury, towhich the gas supply opens, to be closed on a rise and opened on a 0fall of the mercurial column, caused by the rise and fall of thetemperature of the water of the'boiler, (it being located in the water,

and preferably its lower portion,) and thus on the rise of the mercuryto shut oil? and on a fall thereof to open the gas communication withthe gas-burner and an ind epcndent and always open communication of thegas with the gas-burner.

In addition to the above, undey this inven- 40 tion the mercurial columnis provided with. a

stationary plunger capable of adjustment from the outside thereof, bywhich to regulate the normal height'ot' the mercurial column,'and,further, the inlet water-pipe is arranged to discharge directly against.the mercurial column surrounded with a shell open to the water of theboiler to better and 111010 closely confine the water so delivered atand about the mercurial column. V

In the drawings forming part of thisspecification, Figure l is a sideelevation of the water-heating apparatus. Fig. '2 is a central verticalsection. Fig. 3 is a plan view. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section, line 4i, Fig. 2.

In the drawings, A represents a boiler--a vertical cylindrical shellclosed on all sides.

B is a cylindrical casing, which restson a suitable support andsurrounds the boiler A, resting on a horizontal annular shelf, 0, aboutthe inside of the casing B. The upper end of thecasing is open.

D is a gas-burner of any suitable construction and having a stop-cock,(not shown,) as usual, for openingand closing it, and alsQI cated belowthe boiler in the lower portion of the casingB, and all otherwise aswell known, for its flame to act against the bottom of the. boiler'A andto heat the water entered and contained in the boiler. i

E isthe supply-pipe for the gas-burner D. This pipe E passes fromthegas-burner out through the opening F at the lower portion of the casingB, and thence upward horizontally across andabove the top of the boiler,and it is connected with the gas-supply, as hereinafter described.

I H is a vertical pipe branching from the horizontal portion of thegas-pipe E, and'leading through the top K of and into and nearly to thebottom of the boiler A, where it is So closed, making a chamber, L,-tobe'charged with mercur M, at'a given level.

N is a vertical pipe within the branch pipe H of gas-pipe E terminatingat its lower open end, 0, just above the normal level of the mercury inthe chamber L of pipe H and dividing the passage of branch pipe into twoseparated vertical passages at their lower ends both open to themercurial chamber L and at their upper ends each open at P to op- 0posite end portions of the gas-pipe E. The gas from the supply-pipe Epasses down one of the vertical chambers of the branch pipe H and at itslower end enters the mercurial chamber L, and thence up the otherchamber 9 5 back to the gas-pipe E, to be conducted by it to thegas-burner D.

a is aperforation in the wall of pipe. N, dividing branch-pipe Hinto twovertical chambers, as abovestated. Thisperforation is lowe cated abovethe mercurial chamber, and 'is for the passage of gas from one side tothe other of pipe N, or, in other words, between the opposite endportions of the gas-pipe E open to the vertical passages of branch pipeII, when the lower ends of said passages are closed by the rise ofmercury in the mercurial chamber, as will hereinafter appear.

i Q is a vertical plunger-rod entered into the i height of the mercurialcolumn, and thus the normal level of the mercury 'can be adjusted as tothe plane of the lower open end of the gas-pipe N within the mercurialchamber L.

R is a-vcrtieal pipe entering the boiler A and terminating at its lowerend, S, in close proximity to the walls of the mercury column M, towardwhich its said open and discharging end S is presented. This pipe R- isfor supplying the boiler with water, and it is to be suitably connectedwith a water-supply under pressure. I 1

'l is a vertical shell open at top and bottom and surrounding thewater-pipe R at its discharging end to better and more closely confinethe water discharged therefrom in contact with the walls of themercurial chainhcr L.

U is a pipe opening to and leading upward from the upper portion of thewater of the boiler A. This pipe is the pipe for discharging hot waterfrom the boiler, and its outer end opens to the water-passage of afaucet,

17*, through which, when opened, to discharge the water, as may bedesired, as also to a pipe,

' V, surrounding said pipe U and leading clownward and opening to thewater of the boiler at its lower portion. When the faucet is closed, thewater of the boiler circulates through the pipes U and YV, passingupward through the pipe U, thence into the pipe XV, and down into thewater of the boiler. \Yhen the faucet is opened, the water of the boileris discharged end of the gas-pipe N the rise'and tail of the;

"fmer'cury can be made to secure a closing and opening of the said endof the gas-pipe N at any desired temperature of the water'in the boiler.By thismeans the supply of gas is opened to or shut oil. from thegas-burner,

thus enabling its flame to be regulated and to be increased anddecreased as the temperature of the water in the boiler rises or falls,comparatively considered, but with the gas so shut off gas is stillsupplied to the gasburner by passing to it from the gas-smgply throughthe orifice u of the gas-pipe X, and which is above and not affected bythe closing of the open end of said pipe on the rise oi.

' the mercury column.

In the apparatus described there is an automatic circulation ofthe-water in the boiler through the pipes U and W, and also an automaticregulation of the gas-flame to prevent a heating of the water to adegree greater than required or desired while still maintaining thegas-flame, and all in a manner enabling the apparatus to be readilyadjusted to the rcquireincnts'of its use and to be thoroughly automaticin operation.

Other kinds of burnerssuch as naphtha and gasolineuay be substituted forthe gasburner; but a gas-burner is most preferable.

Entering the water into the lower port-ion ol' the boiler, and takingthe water from the boiler at the upper portion thereof insures thedelivery of hot water at the faucet when it is opened. Entering thewater directly about the'mercurial chamber and against the mercurialcolumn thereof secures its direct action at its lowest temperature onthe mercury, and so the quicksured, for the reason that the supply ofgas to the burner is maintained practically to its fullest extent untilthe water immediately about the mercury column has reached thetemperature desired, this water being the last, comparativelyconsidered, to attain such temperature. A

The shell 'l, by con lining cold \\'ater as i t is entered directlyabout the walls of the mercurial chamber L, insures the immediate fallof the mercurial column, opening the vertical passages of the branchpipe H of gas-pipe E to the passage of gas to the burner to increase.

its flame, to the end that the water of the boiler cooled by theentrance of water, as

stated,- shall be the more quickly again brought to the temperaturedesired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. The combinationofboiler i ,gas-burner D,.t-o. heatboiler, pip'e E,tosupply. gas'to burner, and pipe H, branching from pipe E and-leadinginto water of boiler, and at its lower portion adapted to containmercury and along its heightdivided into two separate gas passages attheirlower ends both openfto mercurialfchamber L and at their upper endsopen to opposite end portions of gas-pipe E,

and between their ends having a supplemental.

connnunicating gaspassagc, (1, located abovemcrcurial chamber,substantial i y as described, for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of boiler i ,gas-burnor to heat boiler, pipe E, tosupply gas to burner, pipe il', branching from pipe in and leading intowater of boiler, and at its lower portion adapted to contain mercury andalong its height divided into two separate gas-passages .at their lowerends both open to mercurial chamber L and at their upper ends open toopposite end portions of gas-pipe E, and between their ends havingasupplemental comniunicating gas-passage, a; located above inercurialchamber, and a plunger, Q, stationary in mercurial chamber and extendedto outside of chamber, 10 be raised and lowered from the outsidethereof, substantially as described, for the purposes specified, 7

3. The combination of boiler A, gas-burner to heat boiler, pipe E, tosupply gas to burner, pipe H, branching from pipe E and leading into thewater of boiler, and at its lower portion adapted to contain mercury andalong its height divided into two separate gas-passages, and at theirlower ends both open to mercury of pipe H and at their upper ends opento the opposite end portions of gas-pipe E, and between their endshaving a supplemental communicating gas-passage, a, located above themercurial chamber, and a watersupply pipe, R, entering boiler andarranged to discharge against walls of mercurial cham- 'ber of pipe H,substantially as decribed, for

the purposes specified.

4. The combination of boiler A, gas-burner 0 to heat boiler, pipe E, tosupply gas :to burner, pipe H, branching from pipe E and leading intothe Water of boiler, and at its lower portion adapted to contain mercuryand along its height divided into two separate gas-pas- 5 sages at theirlower ends both open to mercurial chamber L and at their upper ends opento opposite end portions of gas-pipe E, and between their ends having asupplemental communicating gas-passage, a, located, above 40 themercurial chamber, a water-supply pipe, R, entering boiler and arrangedto discharge against Walls of mercurial chamber of pipe H, and a shell,T, surrounding water-supply pipe at its discharge N and open to thewater 45

